How to Differentiate Between Ruby Vs Garnet

When it comes to identifying ruby and red garnets, a sparkling red gemstone like this might just be a ruby to the untrained eye. After all, rubies are among the most revered gemstones worldwide, which include diamonds, emeralds, and sapphires. Yet, the world of gemstones is rich with a variety beyond the precious quartet, boasting an array of semi-precious gems in diverse hues, sizes, and textures. Among these, the garnet stands out, often flaunting a deep red hue very similar to the coveted ruby. While they share similarities, distinguishing between them is essential, albeit not always straightforward. Let's delve into some key differences and unique qualities each gem possesses.

Garnet vs Ruby Formation

Before technological advancement, people used to consider all red gemstones as rubies, including garnet. They didn't see the need to differentiate between them since both were red and shiny. However, today the distinction is important. Ruby is part of the four precious gemstones, which also include sapphire, emerald, and diamond, while garnet is considered a semi-precious gem. Although both stones have their own unique benefits, rubies hold a significantly higher value. 

Garnet is a term used for a large group of silicate minerals that share similar crystal structures and physical properties but differ in chemical composition. These minerals can be formed in various ways due to their different varieties and chemical formulas. Generally, garnet crystals form when sedimentary rocks undergo intense pressure and temperature, causing the rock to melt. As it cools, it crystallizes in the cracks and gaps of the surrounding metamorphic rock. The combination of silicate material and other chemical impurities results in the various colors of garnet.

On the other hand, rubies originate from corundum crystals that have been subjected to trace amounts of chromium. These crystals typically develop within metamorphic rocks under immense heat and pressure across millions of years.

In terms of their chemical composition, garnets are a group of silicate minerals that contain elements such as iron, magnesium, and calcium. The precise chemical composition of a garnet crystal varies depending on its specific type and the environmental conditions in which it was formed. Rubies, on the other hand, are a type of mineral called corundum, which is composed of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with trace amounts of chromium.

Roughness

There are distinctive characteristics that set each apart, and these characteristics result in marked differences between the rough stones of each gem variety. Even when you compare stones that have similar sizes, the shape and weight will not be the same. Gemstones are assessed based on these defined characteristics, which are used to essentially define the stone. Rough gemstones are typically crystalline structures that sparkle and shine when cut and polished. They are available in a wide selection of shapes, sizes, and weights, and each unique piece carries its own perfect for collectors. Rough gemstones are sold by the pound, and the price varies depending on the type of gemstone.

Durability

When purchasing a beautiful piece of jewelry, you want to be able to wear it without worrying about its durability. Rubies rank 9 on the Mohs scale of hardness, just after diamonds, which are the toughest substance on the planet ranking at 10. This might seem like a useless piece of information, but it's quite important as it shows that ruby is quite tough. Conversely, garnets typically fall within the range of 6.5 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale, which indicates a much lower level of hardness than ruby’s and in comparison is softer. Each gemstone has its own unique characteristics that define it, making the each gemstone’s rough stones to be quite different from one another. Even when you compare stones that have similar size, the shape and weight will not be the same. Gemstones are assessed based on these defined characteristics, which are used to essentially define the stone. Rough gemstones are typically crystalline structures that sparkle and shine when cut and polished. They are available in a wide selection of shapes, sizes, and weights, and each unique piece carries its own perfect for collectors.

Color

When comparing rubies and garnets, the difference in their red color is quite noticeable. Rubies often appear "redder" and more vibrant, especially when placed next to a garnet. The fiery red of a ruby typically outshines the color of a garnet, which usually has a deeper tone. Another way to distinguish between the two based on color is to look for other hues within the stone. If you spot a bit of orange, it's likely a garnet. However, this isn't a foolproof test, as genuine rubies can also have secondary colors such as purple and blue. So, while the color dissimilarity is apparent, it's essential to consider other factors when identifying these precious stones.

Light

If you're trying to determine whether you're looking at a garnet or a ruby, holding the stone up to the light can be helpful. If the light reflects a rainbow of colors, including bands of yellow and green, it's likely a garnet. This is because a ruby's chemical makeup absorbs yellow and green and won't reflect them in the same way. However, it's important to note that this isn't a foolproof test, as genuine rubies can have secondary colors such as purple and blue. While the color dissimilarity is apparent, it's essential to consider other factors when identifying these precious stones. For instance, rubies are typically a brighter, more vibrant red than garnets, which tend to vary from purple-red to a deeper, darker red. Moreover, ruby exhibits a cooler undertone of red, occasionally presenting purplish or bluish hues, whereas garnet boasts a warmer hue, leaning towards a shade of orange-yellow tones.

Ruby vs Garnet: Final Verdict

When it comes to choosing between a stunning ruby and a ravishing garnet, the decision is not an easy one. Both gemstones have their own unique beauty and astrological significance, making it a matter of personal needs, budget, and preferences. Rubies, being one of the four precious gemstones, offer different benefits and implications compared to garnets, which are regarded as semi-precious. For instance, rubies are associated with love, confidence and self-assurance, especially for those born in July, while garnets are believed to enhance passion and creativity, particularly for individuals born under specific zodiac signs. 

While the color and durability of the stones are important factors to consider, the choice between ruby rings and garnet ultimately depends on individual preferences and astrological beliefs. Whether you're drawn to the vibrant red of a ruby or the deeper tone of a garnet, it's essential to make your purchase from a reputable source and consider the guidance of experts to ensure you find the perfect stone for you.